1. Which 1968 film set a benchmark for science-fictional computer performance?
Correct Answer: (B) 2001: A Space Odyssey.
2. What is a common limitation of voice interaction compared to hand-eye coordination?
Correct Answer: (A) Voice interaction requires more cognitive burden.
3. What is one reason speech output is considered slower than visual displays?
Correct Answer: (B) Speech is ephemeral and harder to scan.
4. What type of memory is often referred to when discussing issues with speech commands?
Correct Answer: (B) Acoustic memory.
5. Which of the following environments is most likely to benefit from speech interfaces?
Correct Answer: (B) Harsh or cramped conditions.
6. What is one major challenge with continuous-speech recognition systems?
Correct Answer: (B) Difficulty in differentiating between spoken words.
7. Which of these tasks showed improvement using speech commands over mouse pointing?
Correct Answer: (B) Drawing programs.
8. What is the biggest barrier to voice-activated consumer appliances?
Correct Answer: (D) Technical challenges in voice recognition.
9. What type of speech technology is most effective in retrieving specific information from audio or video archives?
Correct Answer: (B) Continuous-speech recognition.
10. Which of the following applications could benefit from speech technology for identity purposes?
Correct Answer: (B) Security systems.
11. What type of speech technology offers advantages for people with physical disabilities?
Correct Answer: (C) Discrete word recognition.
12. What has been a major success in speech technology for telephony?
Correct Answer: (B) VoiceoverIP (Internet Protocol).
13. Why is speech input less beneficial for basic computing tasks?
Correct Answer: (A) It requires too much short-term memory.
14. In which scenario is speech recognition most likely to be beneficial?
Correct Answer: (C) Controlling devices in hands-free environments.
15. What type of speech recognition system allows users to dictate letters to be automatically transcribed?
Correct Answer: (C) Continuous-speech recognition.
16. What is the main advantage of using voicemail systems in customer service?
Correct Answer: (A) Reduced operational costs.
17. Which speech technology is being improved for automatic captioning of television programs?
Correct Answer: (B) Continuous-speech recognition.
18. What is a common issue in using speech recognition for legal or security purposes?
Correct Answer: (B) Inconsistent speech patterns.
19. Which speech interface technology is commonly used for simple tasks like voice dialing on phones?
Correct Answer: (A) Discrete word recognition.
20. Why do audiobooks and museum audio tours appeal to listeners?
Correct Answer: (B) They allow listeners to set their own pace.
21. Which visualization technique can enhance engagement and promote pattern recognition in data?
Correct Answer: (B) Animation techniques.
22. What technology is used in the virtual wind tunnel to simulate airflow around an aircraft?
Correct Answer: (B) Polarized light and virtual bubbles.
23. Which method is commonly used for visualizing three-dimensional scientific data?
Correct Answer: (B) Statistical multi-dimensional scaling.
24. What is the main advantage of using the virtual wind tunnel over the physical one?
Correct Answer: (B) Reduced costs and faster model development.
25. Which of the following is an example of a hierarchy visualized in 3D?
Correct Answer: (D) Camtree.
26. How are hidden nodes handled in a 3D network visualization?
Correct Answer: (C) The user can rotate or fly over the network.
27. What is a common issue when representing hierarchies and networks in 2D diagrams?
Correct Answer: (B) Line crossings and space issues.
28. What is the Camtree primarily used to visualize?
Correct Answer: (B) Hierarchical data structures.
29. What visualization tool uses rotating cones to bring selected nodes closer?
Correct Answer: (A) Camtree.
30. Which technique helps in revealing hidden aspects of a 3D structure using time?
Correct Answer: (C) Animated cross-sectional slicing.
31. What does multi-dimensional scaling attempt to preserve in 3D visualizations?
Correct Answer: (C) Similarity metrics between data points.
32. Which term best describes mapping time-based data onto a spatial dimension for visualization?
Correct Answer: (C) Temporal mapping.
33. How are hierarchies with up to 10,000 nodes effectively visualized?
Correct Answer: (C) Camtree and Conetree.
34. What kind of data is best visualized using timelines?
Correct Answer: (B) Events occurring at irregular intervals.
35. Which visualization tool is commonly used in project management?
Correct Answer: (C) Gantt chart.
36. What is the main function of Lifelines as a visualization tool?
Correct Answer: (A) Visualizing temporal data.
37. Which visualization method allows users to observe dynamic changes over time in 3D data?
Correct Answer: (B) Sequential cross-sectional animation.
38. What visualization method would be used to simplify the display of a complex, multidimensional data set into 3D?
Correct Answer: (A) Self-organizing neural networks.
39. Which visualization tool can manage both hierarchies and networks effectively in 3D?
Correct Answer: (C) Camtree.
40. How is similarity between text documents measured for visual mapping purposes?
Correct Answer: (B) Number of shared words.
41. What is the main focus of ubiquitous computing?
Correct Answer: (B) Learning and productivity.
42. Which of the following is NOT another name for ubiquitous computing?
Correct Answer: (C) Virtual reality.
43. What is a common application of ubiquitous computing in homes?
Correct Answer: (B) Home automation.
44. Which device is an example of an Internet Protocol (IP) camera?
Correct Answer: (C) A digital video camera.
45. What do RFID tags primarily store?
Correct Answer: (C) Encrypted financial data.
46. Which of the following is NOT a type of smart wearable device?
Correct Answer: (C) Smart TVs.
47. What does the SMART DEI model represent?
Correct Answer: (C) A comprehensive framework for UbiCom systems.
48. Which characteristic is NOT one of the five basic qualities of UbiCom systems?
Correct Answer: (C) Static.
49. Which is an example of a smart interaction?
Correct Answer: (C) Human-computer interaction (HCI).
50. What is a primary feature of smart devices?
Correct Answer: (C) Mobility and dynamic service discovery.
51. What is "Smart Dust"?
Correct Answer: (B) Micro ElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS).
52. What does "Smart Skins" refer to?
Correct Answer: (B) Light-emitting fabrics.
53. What distinguishes a portable device from a hand-held device?
Correct Answer: (A) Size.
54. In which service architecture model do service processes run remotely?
Correct Answer: (B) Thin client.
55. What type of processing architecture allows parallel task execution?
Correct Answer: (B) Distributed processing.
56. Which of the following describes a client-server model?
Correct Answer: (A) Asymmetrical interaction.
57. What role does a proxy serve in service access?
Correct Answer: (A) It simplifies access to complex networks.
58. During which phase does service registration occur?
Correct Answer: (C) Service creation.
59. What is the main benefit of dynamic service execution?
Correct Answer: (C) Flexibility in service access.
60. What is essential for managing application services for smart devices?
Correct Answer: (C) Comprehensive lifecycle management.
61. What is the primary goal of HCI research frameworks?
Correct Answer: (B) Improve user experience and usability.
62. Which method is commonly used to gather data in HCI case studies?
Correct Answer: (A) Surveys and questionnaires.
63. What does "user-centered design" emphasize in HCI?
Correct Answer: (B) User involvement in the design process.
64. What is a key component of an HCI research framework?
Correct Answer: (B) Stakeholder engagement.
65. Which research method focuses on user interactions in real-world settings?
Correct Answer: (B) Case studies.
66. In HCI, what is the significance of usability testing?
Correct Answer: (B) Evaluates user satisfaction and performance.
67. What does the term "affordance" refer to in HCI?
Correct Answer: (B) The properties of an object that suggest its use.
68. Which aspect is NOT typically examined in HCI case studies?
Correct Answer: (C) Aesthetic design only.
69. What is the purpose of creating personas in HCI research?
Correct Answer: (B) To represent different user types and needs.
70. Which approach helps in evaluating the effectiveness of an interface?
Correct Answer: (B) Quantitative and qualitative methods.
71. What role does context play in HCI case studies?
Correct Answer: (B) It shapes how users interact with technology.
72. What is a common outcome of HCI case studies?
Correct Answer: (B) Insights for design improvements and user engagement.
73. Which research framework is frequently used in HCI?
Correct Answer: (C) Design thinking.
74. What is the purpose of iterative design in HCI?
Correct Answer: (B) To continually refine and improve designs.
75. How do case studies contribute to HCI knowledge?
Correct Answer: (B) By providing real-world examples and insights.
76. Which factor is NOT considered when analyzing HCI case studies?
Correct Answer: (C) Market competition.
77. What is the role of feedback loops in HCI research?
Correct Answer: (B) To enhance user engagement and design refinement.
78. Which is a primary method for evaluating user interactions in HCI?
Correct Answer: (B) Usability testing.
79. What does the term "interaction design" encompass in HCI?
Correct Answer: (B) The creation of interfaces and user experiences.
80. Which framework often guides HCI research methodologies?
Correct Answer: (B) Human-centered design principles.